Modbus Protocol

 Modbus is a communication protocol commonly used in industrial automation systems to establish communication between devices, such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and other field devices. It allows for the exchange of data and control signals over a serial or network connection.


In simple terms, the Modbus protocol defines a set of rules and formats for devices to communicate with each other. It operates on a master-slave architecture, where one device acts as the master and initiates the communication, while the other devices act as slaves and respond to the master's requests.


The protocol uses a simple and lightweight structure, making it easy to implement and widely supported in various industrial applications. It primarily focuses on the exchange of discrete digital inputs and outputs, as well as analog inputs and outputs.


The Modbus protocol can be implemented over different physical layers, such as RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, or TCP/IP. It uses a request-response mechanism, where the master sends a request to a specific slave device, specifying the address and the type of data it wants to read or write. The slave then processes the request and sends back the requested data or acknowledges the successful completion of the requested operation.


Modbus supports different function codes for various operations, such as reading or writing registers, reading input status, and controlling coils. It also provides error checking mechanisms, ensuring data integrity during transmission.

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